伴随改革开放40年的社会变迁,当代大众文化的审美趣味变化巨大,以央视春晚为例来分析。主流趣味和精英趣味在20世纪80年代的计划经济体制下占据主导地位,但90年代后,面对市场经济带来的文化世俗化、消费化的冲击,两者不可避免地开始衰落,大众趣味则不断发展蔓延。它随着社会阶层的变化也出现阶层分化,在市场的自由发展下,也出现了庸俗化和娱乐化等趋向。2011年以来,随着文化治理力度的加强,大众趣味的恶性发展得以扼制,精英趣味有所回升,主流趣味也在“中国梦”的时代潮流中迅速回升。在审美趣味的演变中,中国大众的文化习性也发生了巨大变化。在如此情境下应积极提倡建立和谐、合理的趣味结构,在加强主流趣味和精英趣味建设之时,引导大众趣味健康良性发展。

There is great changes in contemporary mass culture’s aesthetic taste since China’s reform and opening up. Taking the Spring Festival Gala as an example, mainstream and elite tastes are dominant under the planned economy in the 1980s. Faced with the market economy and cultural secularization, the decline of two kinds of tastes is inevitable in the 1990s. In contrast, the mass taste spreads continuously. It has social stratum differentiation with the change of social classification. In the rapid development of the market economy, mass culture also tends to be vulgarized. Since 2011, Chinese government has attached great importance to the construction of mass culture, the vicious development of mass taste is strangled since 2011. Elite and mainstream tastes have picked up in the times of “Chinese dream”. Chinese public’s habitus has changed dramatically with the evolution of their aesthetic tastes. Therefore, we should promote a harmonious and reasonable social structure of cultural tastes. Not only should mainstream and elite tastes be improved, but also mass taste should be guided for a sound development.