文化建设何以撬动村庄发展,成为乡村文化治理的重要内涵。当前乡村文化治理呈现出不同于文化效能政治价值和社会价值的经济价值,即以乡村文化场景营造的方式助力村庄发展。村集体通过文化符号的集中展示、文化活动的密集供给和多元主体的广泛参与来营造乡村文化场景。乡村文化场景的出现,地方政府以治理创新任务刺激,赋能村集体进行文化建设,从而获得密集资源投入,重构了村庄发展方式。就文化建设的治理效能而言,乡村文化场景建设通过回应农民文化诉求促进乡风文明的实现,以文化驱动村庄自我整合推动基层社会的重新组织,运用资源整合的方式转变村庄发展方式。乡村文化治理的场景营造和村庄发展动能的转型,虽然提升了乡村文化振兴水平,但也存在着文化供给的精致化、区隔性和场景化等建设误区。

With the in-depth implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, more and more cultural construction activities such as “governing the village with filial piety”, “cultural halls”, and “new era civilization lecture halls” have emerged. Currently, rural cultural construction presents political, social, and economic effects that are distinct from cultural efficacy. How cultural construction can drive village development has become an important aspect of rural cultural governance. Therefore, understanding the practical logic of rural cultural construction in promoting village development holds significant theoretical and practical significance.
This paper adopts a case study approach, conducting semi-structured interviews and participant observation in X Village, S City in eastern Zhejiang Province, to examine the practical process, internal mechanisms, and governance efficacy of rural cultural governance in promoting village development. This paper finds that the realization of the economic value of rural cultural scenes goes through three stages. First, rural cultural construction is presented in the form of cultural scene creation, making the social efficacy of rural culture visible through visual means. Specifically, the village collective creates rural cultural scenes through the concentrated display of cultural symbols, the intensive supply of cultural activities, and the extensive participation of multiple subjects. Second, it is the diffusion mechanism of rural cultural construction. Through the promotion of grassroots governance innovation, rural cultural scenes gain recognition and support from local governments and have political efficacy. Third, it is the development mechanism of rural cultural construction. With the support of local governments, rural society receives intensive resource input, reconstructing the village development model. Therefore, rural cultural construction has multiple governance efficacies and enhances the level of rural cultural revitalization. The construction of rural cultural scenes promotes the realization of civilized rural customs by responding to farmers' cultural demands, reorganizes the grassroots society through cultural-driven village self-integration, and transforms the village development model through resource integration. At the same time, rural cultural construction has some misunderstandings such as the refinement, segregation, and scenarization of cultural supply.
This paper reveals a new model of village development. In the practice of village development in various places, multiple forms of village development models such as land transfer and rural tourism have been formed. Local governments and village collectives have developed tourism by creating rural tourism landscapes and attracting urban residents to the village. However, the effectiveness of this approach is limited by location factors and geographical natural resources. Through the policy of land consolidation and reduction, promoting farmers to live in concentrated areas and obtaining land transfer income has gradually weakened with the end of the land finance dividend era. Through the introduction of agricultural capital to the countryside, guiding the land-scale operation, and the village collective collecting rent, it is limited by the operational capabilities of the capital subjects, and there are far more failed cases than successful experiences. However, the village development model based on cultural construction integrates the multi-dimensional forces of funds and subjects, constructing a new model of village development.