纵观近年来恐怖主义犯罪的刑事立法进程可以发现,我国恐怖主义犯罪立法呈现犯罪扩大化、重刑化的趋势,这既是惩治国内恐怖主义犯罪的现实需要,也是积极回应国际社会反恐协作的重要表现。但这种刑事立法政策在定罪和制刑方面均存在缺陷。恐怖主义犯罪扩大化的过程陷入“规制不能”与“反应过度”的矛盾困境,而重刑化则可能导致恐怖犯罪的刑事立法落入“刑法万能”的窠臼。因此,我们需要对我国恐怖主义犯罪刑事立法政策进行整体性反思。首先要认清刑法在控制恐怖主义犯罪中的局限性,进而在打击犯罪与保障人权并重的基本立场上,逐渐从“厉而不严”转向“严而不厉”,在强化刑事立法的基础上,兼顾行政制裁和社会方法等综合性政策的作用,最终实现打击恐怖活动犯罪效益的最大化。

Throughout the criminal legislation process of terrorist crimes in recent years, we can find that the legislation of terrorist crimes in our country presents a trend of crime escalation and heavy penalization. This is both a practical need to punish domestic terrorist crimes and an important manifestation of international counter-terrorism cooperation. Nevertheless, the criminal legislation has its defects in both conviction and penalty. In the process of magnified terrorist crimes, it has shown the dilemma of “malfunction of regulations” and “overreaction,” which may result in the criminal legislation of terrorist crimes stuck in the trap of “omnipotentcriminal law.” Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a holistic reflection on the criminal legislation and policy of terrorist crimes in our country. First of all, we must clearly understand the limitations of criminal law in controlling terrorist crimes, and then gradually shift from “strict but not severe” to “severe but not strict” on the basic position of combating crimes and safeguarding human rights. At the same time, on the basis of strengthening the criminal legislation, we must take into account the role of comprehensive policies such as administrative sanctions and social methods to maximize the effectiveness of crimes against terrorist activities.