推动外贸质升量稳是扩大高水平对外开放的重要发展战略。面对当前外需冲击和统筹扩大内需的新形势,探究需求格局变化对出口产品质量的影响尤为重要。本文将本土需求和外需冲击纳入企业出口产品质量的分析框架,通过构建一个局部均衡模型来阐释本土需求和外需冲击对企业出口产品质量的影响。利用2000—2013年中国企业出口数据进行实证检验发现,本土需求增加和正向的外需冲击会提升企业出口产品质量,且正向外需冲击的提升作用更大。机制分析表明,本土需求变动和外需冲击通过创新效应和竞争效应两种途径影响企业出口产品质量。此外,国内市场和国外市场联动能够提升企业出口产品质量,需增强国内国际两个市场两种资源联动效应。区分企业规模发现,本土需求扩张和正向外需冲击可以促进大型企业的出口产品质量提升;区分企业贸易方式发现,本土需求增加和正向外需冲击对加工贸易企业的出口产品质量有显著提升作用。因此,要加快推进构建新发展格局,赋能实现贸易强国的战略目标。

Improving the quality and maintaining stability in the quantity of foreign trade is an important development strategy to expand high-level opening-up. At present, under the new situation of intensified external demand shocks and steady expansion of domestic demand, it is particularly important to explore the impact of changes in the demand pattern on the quality of export products against the background of the new development pattern of “dual circulation”. However, existing literature exploring the quality of enterprises' export products from the two perspectives of domestic demand and external demand is relatively scarce, and few scholars study the impact on the quality of enterprises' export products from the perspective of the linkage between the domestic market and foreign market.
This paper takes domestic demand and external demand shocks into the analysis framework of export product quality and constructs a partial equilibrium model to explain the impact of domestic demand and external demand shocks on export product quality. Using the export data of Chinese firms from 2000 to 2013, this paper finds that the increase in domestic demand and positive external demand shock improve the quality of export products, and the external demand shock plays a greater role in improving the quality of export products. The mechanism analysis shows that domestic demand changes and external demand shocks affect the quality of export products through the innovation effect and competition effect. Further analysis shows that the linkage between the domestic market and the foreign market can improve the quality of export products. The expansion of domestic demand can further strengthen the role of positive external demand shocks in improving the quality of export products. In particular, for high-quality export products, the expansion of domestic demand can weaken the negative impact of external demand shocks to a certain extent. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously enhance the complementary effect of the two resources in the domestic and international markets in the future. Heterogeneity analysis shows that domestic demand expansion and positive external demand shock mainly improve the quality of export products of large enterprises and processing trade enterprises.
This paper expands and supplements previous literature in the following three aspects. First, the impact of domestic demand and external demand is incorporated into the same analysis framework, and the impact of internal and external market demand on the quality of enterprises' export products is explored against the background of “dual circulation”, extending the existing theoretical analysis framework. Second, in terms of the impact mechanism, based on theoretical analysis and empirical tests, this paper analyzes the impact of domestic demand and external demand shocks on the quality of enterprises' export products from the perspectives of the innovation effect and competition effect. Third, in terms of research content, this paper extends the research on dual circulation to the linkage analysis of domestic and international markets and considers the impact of the linkage of domestic demand and external demand shocks on the quality of enterprises' export products.
This paper reveals the path selection of enterprises to improve the quality of export products against the background of the new development pattern, which is beneficial for enterprises to help achieve the strategic goal of becoming a trade power, and helps government departments to formulate and improve policies and measures for building up the strength in quality under the new development pattern of “dual circulation”, enabling the realization of the strategy of building up China's strength in trade and quality.