From the perspective of self-control, this study constructs a model to understand how work alienation influences cyberloafing with the depletion of self-control resource as the mediator and trait mindfulness as the moderator. With the data of 256 people, the results suggest that the work alienation has a significantly positive effect on the cyberloafing. The depletion of self-control resource acts as a mediator of the relationship between work alienation and cyberloafing, while trait mindfulness negatively moderates the relationship between work alienation and depletion of self-control resource. This significantly moderates the indirect relationship between work alienation and cyberloafing through partially mediating the depletion self-control resource.