Objective: To develop a learning disabilities rating scale (LDRS) for school-aged children in China and test its reliability and validity. Methods: A primary school in Heyuan, Guangdong Province was randomly selected for Pretest and Formal Test, with sample sizes of 114 and 433, respectively. Pretest data were analyzed using reliability analysis, item analysis, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The formal test phase employed reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and criterion validity testing. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was utilized to evaluate the screening capacity of LDRS. Results: The finalized LDRS comprises 5 dimensions with 29 items, categorized as reading comprehension, mathematics, written expression, attention, and emotional behavior. LDRS has been confirmed to possess excellent reliability, construct validity, and criterion validity. Using clinical diagnosis as the gold standard, ROC analysis determined an optimal cutoff score of 71.5 for LDRS, yielding a sensitivity of 0.906, specificity of 0.756, and a Youden index of 0.662. Conclusion: The LDRS is a dependable and effective instrument for screening individuals with learning disabilities, helping to assess learning disabilities among school-aged children in China.

This review summarized the research progress on the biomedical and biomechanical characteristics, influencing the speed ability of elite sprinters, aiming to provide a scientific and comprehensive reference for the assessment and selection of sprinters. The biomedical characteristics of sprinters' speed ability including the related genotyping, body morphology, and physiological functions and etc. The main researches showed: The ACTN3 gene has been confirmed to be closely associated with sprint and jump performance in sprinters; Muscle morphology and volume, as well as muscle fiber type, also have significant impacts on sprint performance; Physiological function monitoring studies have demonstrated that indicators, such as cardiopulmonary function and blood testosterone levels, can reflect athletes' physiological states in real-time and effectively assess training effectiveness. The importance of athletes' biomechanical characteristics in sprinting is also crucial. Research has confirmed that muscle length, maximum elongation of tendons and aponeuroses, and plantar flexor torque are equally key factors determining sprint performance. Furthermore, psychological factors, age, starting techniques, and the scientific training methods collectively influence athletes' performance outcomes.

Objective: To investigate the role and mechanism of cytoskeleton-associated protein 2-like (CKAP2L) in the proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and migration of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Methods: Potential NSCLC-related genes were screened using the GEO and TCGA databases. qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were applied to detect CKAP2L expression in NSCLC tissues. The survival rate in NSCLC patients was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. After treatment with CKAP2L shRNAs, CKAP2L overexpression plasmids, or Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor IWR-1, CKAP2L expression was measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Cell proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 and EdU staining. Cell migration was confirmed using a Transwell assay. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to monitor the expression levels of EMT-related and Wnt/β-catenin pathway proteins. Results: CKAP2L was upregulated in NSCLC tissues (P<0.001), and high CKAP2L expression was associated with poor prognosis in NSCLC patients. Compared with those in the overexpression control (OE-CTRL) group, the proliferation (P<0.01 or P<0.001), EMT and migration (P<0.01) of NSCLC cells were significantly enhanced in the CKAP2L-overexpressing (OE-CKAP2L) group; compared with those in the knockdown control (sh-CTRL) group, the proliferation (P<0.01 or P<0.001), EMT and migration (P<0.01) of NSCLC cells were significantly weakened in the CKAP2L-knockdown (sh-CKAP2L) group. CKAP2L upregulated Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins (P<0.01). Conclusion: CKAP2L might accelerate NSCLC progression through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, suggesting that CKAP2L may be a new target for treating NSCLC patients.

Jintiange capsule is principally composed of bionic tiger-bone powder. Significant therapeutic effects have been demonstrated in areas including the enhancement of osteogenic activity, increase in bone density, inhibition of bone resorption, and reduction of bone loss, with positive therapeutic impacts observed on various clinical manifestations caused by osteoporosis. When combined with other medications for primary or secondary osteoporosis treatment, enhanced therapeutic efficacy has been documented. Bone mineral density and osteocalcin levels have been effectively improved through this combination therapy. The bone metabolism process has been regulated, patient pain has been significantly alleviated, and favorable safety profiles have been maintained. To evaluate the clinical value of Jintiange capsule combination therapy in osteoporosis treatment, relevant application studies are systematically reviewed in this article.

Objective: To analyze the chemical components of Artemisia argyi essential oil(AAEO) extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide combined with molecular distillation and evaluate its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and tyrosinase inhibitory activities, and to discuss the application of AAEO in external preparation. Methods: AAEO was extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide combined with molecular distillation. The chemical components of AAEO were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The inhibition zone diameter of AAEO against five test bacteria was tested by filter paper diffusion method, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were tested by broth microdilution method. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cell inflammation model was used to investigate the effect of AAEO on the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The effect of AAEO on tyrosinase activity and melanin production was evaluated by human melanoma cell (A375 cell) model. Results: A total of 132 compounds were identified from AAEO, the main components of which were α-terpineol (7.08%), terpinen-4-ol (6.45%), β-caryophyllene (5.83%), eucalyptol (4.82%), endo-borneol (4.54%), 2-cyclohexen-1-ol (3.82%), d-camphor (3.09%), carveol (1.49%), and α-thujone (0.75%). AAEO showed significant antibacterial activity against the five tested bacteria, among which Candida albicans was highly sensitive. The MICs against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans were 1.88, 3.75, 7.50, 15.00, 0.94 mg/mL, and the MBCs were 1.88, 7.50, 15.00, 30.00, 1.88 mg/mL respectively. AAEO could reduce the mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS in RAW264.7 cells significantly (P<0.05). AAEO could inhibit tyrosinase activity in A375 cells significantly (P<0.05), and the production of melanin was reduced significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: AAEO extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide combined with molecular distillation are rich in chemical components and has good antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and tyrosinase inhibitory activities. Its application value is worthy of in-depth study.

Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (A-GFAP-A) is a rare autoimmune encephalitis discovered in the last decade. The diagnosis depends on clinical symptoms, imaging, and antibody testing. Most cases require several months or even longer to make a definite diagnosis. Due to early-stage diagnosis of this condition poses significant challenges, and there is a lack of relevant clinical guidelines, there are few reports at home and abroad on early diagnosis and treatment in such cases. This paper reported a case of high fever and headache as the initial symptoms, accompanied by persistent hyponatremia. With the help of ¹⁸F-fludeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance (¹⁸F-FDG PET/MR) imaging combined with antibody testing, the patient was diagnosed with anti-GFAP encephalitis approximately one month after symptom onset, and evaluated the patient's immunotherapy efficacy, leading to a favorable prognosis for the patient. This case provides a certain reference for the early clinical diagnosis and treatment of such patients.

Objective: To compare and analyze the anti-atopic dermatitis active components and mechanisms of action of Artemisia argyi essential oil extracted by water distillation and supercritical CO₂ fluid extraction based on network pharmacology and in vitro cell experiments. Methods: The essential oils of Artemisia argyi were extracted by water distillation and supercritical CO₂ fluid extraction, and their chemical components were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Network pharmacology was used to predict the related targets and pathways of the two essential oils against atopic dermatitis, and the anti-atopic dermatitis activities of the two essential oils were explored in the lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cell inflammation model. Results: There were 65 compounds in Artemisia argyi essential oil obtained by steam distillation (AEOSD), 89 compounds in Artemisia argyi essential oil obtained by supercritical fluid extraction (AEOSFE), and 44 common compounds in the two essential oils. Network pharmacology analysis results found that eucalyptol and humulene were the main potential active ingredients of AEOSD against atopic dermatitis, eugenol, eucalyptol, and Copaene were the main potential active ingredients of AEOSFE against atopic dermatitis. AEOSD may affect the progression of atopic dermatitis by regulating the biosynthesis of nitric oxide (NO), the positive regulation of interleukin-6 (IL-6) production, and the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, while AEOSFE may affect the progression of atopic dermatitis by regulating the biosynthesis of NO, T helper cell 17 (Th17) cell differentiation, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels. In vitro experimental results showed that both AEOSD and AEOSFE could reduce the excessive release of NO in RAW264.7 cells induced by LPS, and reduce the expression of their target inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, TNF and IL-1β, IL-6, PTGS2, respectively. Conclusion: AEOSD and AEOSFE differ in their chemical composition and target pathways against atopic dermatitis, but both have good anti-inflammatory activity on RAW264.7 cell.

Objective: To explore the relationship between dietary inflammation index and the risk of gynecologic malignant tumor. Methods: From January 2001 to March 2022,52 patients with gynecological malignant tumors were selected as case group, and 315 healthy persons were selected as control group. By filling in personal history questionnaire and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ25) to collect general demographic data and dietary intake, the dietary composition was calculated according to Chinese food composition table (2002 Edition), and personal DII values were ultimately calculated. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to make the baseline data of the cohort similar, and Logistic regression was used to assess the association between DII values and the risk of gynecologic malignancy. To consult the medical examination reports of the two groups, inflammatory markers including neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelets, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and C-reactive protein (CPR) were analyzed. Results: By using multiple regression equation, the scheme of unadjusted confounding variables, scheme of adjusted Ⅰ and scheme of Adjusted Ⅱ showed that the DII value and the high DII score (0.62-4.82) were closely related to the occurrence of gynecological tumors, the difference was significant (P<0.01), and the results of sensitivity analysis were consistent with those before propensity score matching. The relationship between DII value and the occurrence of gynaecological tumors was found by smoothing curve fitting; through threshold analysis, it was found that the inflection point of DII value was 1, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The levels of inflammatory markers such as NLR, PLR and CPR in the case group were higher than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). According to threshold analysis, DII was divided into two groups, the levels of inflammatory markers in DII ≥1 group were significantly higher than those in DII<1 group (P<0.01). Conclusion: DII value has a curve relationship with the occurrence of gynecological tumors, and DII value can be used as a tool to predict the risk of gynecological tumors. When the DII value is higher than 1, the occurrence and development of gynaecological tumors need to be highly vigilant. The DII value can be used to guide the dietary structure of residents and carry out relevant nutrition education, so as to prevent the occurrence and development of gynecological tumors.

Objective: The present study aimed to analyze the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection rate and subtype infection among 14 794 samples in Guangzhou, and to explore the association between HPV infection and ThinPrep Cytology Test (TCT). Furthermore, it evaluated the epidemiological features of HPV infection in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, provided epidemiological insights into HPV infection among men, and assessed the significance of combined HPV and TCT testing in cervical cancer screening for women and in devising vaccination strategies against HPV. Methods: Sample data from 14,794 individuals who underwent genotyping for 37 HPV subtypes at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine between January 2023 and December 2023 were collected. Concurrent analysis of TCT screening results was conducted to statistically examine the HPV infection characteristics across different ages, genders and seasons, as well as the relationship between single HPV infection, multiple HPV infection and TCT results. Results: The overall HPV infection rate stood at 29.42%. The most prevalent HPV subtype infections were HPV52 (21.55%), HPV58 (10.00%), HPV16 (9.17%), HPV51 (8.37%), HPV39 (7.56%), HPV61 (7.34%), and HPV53 (7.01%). The infection rate was 29.03% among women and 43.25% among men. The HPV infection rate exhibited a close correlation with age distribution, with statistically significant variations noted in the overall infection rate, single infection rate, and multiple mixed infection rate across different age groups ( X²=144.641, 30.797; P<0.001). Seasonal variations in infection rates were also observed, with rates of 28.03% in spring, 28.58% in summer, 29.56% in autumn, and 32.26% in winter. Among single infections, the highest infection rate of high-risk subtypes occurred in summer (43.53%), while among multiple infections, the higher infection rate was noted in autumn (35.02%). The TCT groups were predominantly characterized by single infections. Significant differences were discernible between single infections and multiple infections within each TCT group ( X²=90.497, P<0.001). Notably, TCT results also varied significantly among different age groups ( X²=32.871, P<0.001). Conclusion: The present study illuminated the epidemiological profile of HPV infection in the Guangzhou area, with an overall infection rate of 29.42%. HPV52, HPV58, and HPV16 emerged as the most frequent types. The overall HPV infection rate among men (43.25%) surpassed that among women (29.03%). The HPV infection rate showed a strong correlation with age distribution and was higher in summer and autumn compared to spring and winter. Additionally, this study identified significant differences in HPV infection rates among TCT groups and TCT results across different age groups, furnishing a scientific rationale for early HPV screening and presenting novel perspectives on cervical cancer prevention and treatment. In summary, this study contributes vital epidemiology data on HPV infection in Guangzhou, providing a scientific foundation for the formulation of targeted HPV prevention and control strategies and enhancement of cervical cancer diagnosis and treatment. It underscores the crucial role of male HPV infection in HPV prevention and control efforts.

Objective: To investigate renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury inducing Parthanatos in renal tubular epithelial cells and the upstream signals that initiate this death pathway's activation. Methods: A mouse model of renal I/R injury and a hypoxia/reoxygenation injury model of renal tubular epithelial cells were established and pretreated with Poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP-1) inhibitor 3-aminobenzamide (3AB) and antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to observe renal tissue pathological damage. Serum creatinine (Cre) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were detected to evaluate renal function. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays were used to detect cell viability and mortality. 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) was used to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in cells were detected using corresponding kits. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot were applied to detect DNA damage markers and the expression of Parthanatos-related proteins. Results: 3AB pretreatment alleviated I/R-caused renal tissue damage and renal dysfunction (P<0.05), and reduced hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced cell death (P<0.05). NAC pretreatment decreased the levels of intracellular ROS and MDA in hypoxia-reoxygenation cells (P<0.05), increased the activity of SOD (P<0.05), inhibited DNA damage and Parthanatos pathway activation (P<0.05), reduced cell death (P<0.05), and alleviated renal injury and renal dysfunction (P<0.05). Conclusion: I/R-caused oxidative stress can lead to DNA damage and activate PARP-1, which in turn promotes the occurrence of Parthanatos in renal tubular epithelial cells. This provides new ideas for the effective prevention and treatment of renal I/R injury.

Currently, there is limited systematic research on postoperative rehabilitation protocols for Maisonneuve fractures regarding functional recovery and long-term athletic performance maintenance in elite athletes. This article presented a case report on personalized and sport-specific rehabilitation protocol after Maisonneuve fracture surgery of professional basketball player, integrating progressive weight-bearing training, isokinetic strength enhancement, and neuromuscular control exercises. By 32 weeks postoperatively, the patient's ankle ROM and muscle strength had recovered to over 90% of the contralateral side, meanwhile the visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score had decreased from 7 to 1. Through a 10-year follow-up, the athlete had maintained professional competitive performance, with the American orthopaedic foot & ankle society (AOFAS) score consistently at 100 points, while without any complications such as post-traumatic osteoarthritis observed. This case illustrated that a staged rehabilitation protocol based on sport biomechanical characteristics could effectively promote functional reconstruction in athletes. Furthermore, the long-term safety and athletic-performance outcomes observed in this protocol might provide valuable insights for similar clinical cases.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 75%~85% of primary liver cancers. Due to its rapid progression, high invasiveness, and lack of effective therapeutic targets, HCC has an extremely poor prognosis. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), a key rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis, not only sustains the malignant phenotype of HCC cells by enhancing aerobic glycolysis but also promotes HCC progression through non-glycolytic pathways, such as inducing an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Currently, various PKM2-targeting agents (including natural products, nucleotide-based drugs, etc.) have demonstrated promising anti-HCC effects in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Although PKM2 presents excellent translational value as a therapeutic target for HCC in preclinical research, no PKM2-related clinical trials for HCC have been initiated to date. Worldwide, only 10 clinical trials directly related to PKM2 exist, most of which are either recruiting or terminated. This status is incongruent with the significant therapeutic potential demonstrated for PKM2 in basic research. This review systematically summarizes the latest research progress on PKM2 in HCC, preliminarily explores the potential reasons for the discrepancy between basic and clinical findings regarding PKM2 in HCC, and aims to provide new research perspectives for the targeted intervention in HCC.

Obesity is a global epidemic and the proportion of obese and overweight people is increasing. Obesity is a risk factor for a variety of non-infectious diseases involving multiple organs throughout the body, including the respiratory system. The effects of obesity on lung function are characterized by mechanical compression of the lungs and low-grade inflammatory effects on the bronchi. Mechanical compression is mainly manifested by decreased respiratory compliance, altered lung volumes, increased airway resistance, altered regional lung ventilation and lung ventilation/perfusion, and respiratory muscle overload. A low-grade inflammatory state can cause inflammatory changes in the bronchial wall and induce airway remodelling. Body mass index (BMI) is a simple and convenient way to categorise the degree of obesity, but does not account for patterns of regional fat distribution. Different patterns of fat distribution have different effects on lung function. Lung function tests can non-invasively and indirectly show changes in lung function in obese people, but they reflect changes in the respiratory system as a whole and cannot directly and dynamically show changes in lung function. CT and MRI imaging tests, can not only accurately calculate the fat content and distribution, but also quantitatively analyse the changes in the lung structure, and more importantly, can also observe the dynamic changes in the thorax, lungs, and respiratory muscles under free breathing, so as to detect the changes in the lung function as early as possible, and thus carry out weight loss interventions in time. This paper will discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms of obesity-induced lung changes; the progress of obesity-related chest imaging and future research hotspots.

Objective: To isolate guaiane-type sesquiterpenes from leaves of Artemisia argyi H. Lév. & Vaniot, providing scientific evidence for the development and utilization of sesquiterpene compounds found in Artemisia argyi leaves. Methods: Compounds were isolated using conventional open-column chromatography and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by modern spectroscopic techniques. The cytotoxicity of the compounds was assessed by CCK-8 assay, and their inhibitory activity against nitric oxide (NO) production was evaluated by Griess reagent. Results: Ten guaiane-type sesquiterpenes were isolated and identified, comprising 2 unknown compounds (1-2) and eight known compounds (3-10). Compound 4 significantly inhibited NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of (1.5±0.1) μmol/L. Conclusion: Notable anti-inflammatory activity has been identified in sesquiterpene compounds present in Artemisia argyi leaves. The identification of these novel sesquiterpenes enhances the chemical profile of Artemisia argyi leaves and offers strong scientific support for their potential applications in the pharmaceutical industry.

Objective: To construct a strong inducible expression system based on T7-like RNA polymerase MmP1 in Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) to achieve efficient expression of the target protein. Methods: Constructing different inducible expression systems in EcN for “dose-response” characterization to screen out the best-performing induced system with low leakage and high induction expression level. Optimizing the expression output and dynamic range of the T7-like system by integrating the T7-like RNA polymerase (MmP1) expression on the chromosome of EcN, namely strain LM01, thereby constructing promoter mutation library of P_MmP1 for tunable induced expression output. T7-like induced system based on MmP1 was used to control the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) of high yield, giving strong evidence for protein expression of T7-like system in EcN. Results: Several inducible systems were successfully constructed and characterized in EcN. Of which, the T7-like induction system based on MmP1 RNA polymerase displayed the best-performing saturated induction output with maximum dynamic range reaching up to 909-fold. After the MmP1 polymerase expression module was integrated into the genome of EcN, the saturated induction level was increased by 66.8%. The construction of P_MmP1 promoter library provides a wide range of inducible expression output (dynamic range), spanning 65 to 1 097 fold. The T7-like (MmP1) system demonstrated the highest soluble SOD protein production yield of 435.7 mg/L, which was 4.02-fold higher than vanillic acid induction system. In addition, the maximum enzymatic activity of SOD achieves 391.3 U/mL. Conclusion: T7-like (MmP1) induction system can be successfully constructed in EcN with high saturated expression level, low basal leakiness, as well as controllable dynamic range of tunable gene expression control for efficient protein synthesis in the coming future.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) complicated by migraine. Methods: The study included 210 FMS patients who were treated at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University from January 2021 to December 2023. General and clinical data were collected. Assessment was conducted using scales such as the wide spread pain index (WPI), symptom severity scale (SSS), fibromyalgia severity (FS), pain score, anxiety score, sleep score, and somatic symptom score. Results: Among the 210 FMS patients, 108 (51.43%) had concomitant migraine. Compared with FMS patients without migraine, those with migraine had significantly higher scores in FMS duration (P=0.001), WPI score (P=0.003), SSS score (P=0.001), FS score (P=0.002), pain score (P=0.008), anxiety score (P=0.005), sleep score (P=0.004), and somatization symptom score (P=0.009). In FMS patients with migraine, FS scores were positively correlated with headache duration (P=0.013), headache frequency (P=0.019), headache duration (P=0.037), FMS duration (P=0.025), pain score (P=0.028), anxiety score (P=0.030), sleep score (P=0.035), and somatization symptom score (P=0.008). Conclusion: The presence of migraine exacerbates the clinical symptoms of FMS, and there is a correlation between FMS symptoms and headache symptoms, anxiety, and sleep disturbances when FMS is complicated by migraine.

Objective: Network pharmacology, molecular docking and animal experiments were used to explore the mechanism of action of Wenyang Jiedu Granules on acute lung injury associated with influenza A virus infection. Methods: The active ingredients of Wenyang Jiedu Granules were collected based on the herbal medicine group review (HERB) database, and their ingredient targets were predicted using the SwissTargetPrediction database. Influenza A virus infection disease targets were retrieved using the GeneCards, DisGennet, Pharmgkb, and CTD databases to locate intersection targets. The STRING platform was used to draw the PPI network diagram, and the CytoScape 3.9.1 software was used to construct the TCM-ingredient-target network, and gene ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis were performed. The AutoDockTools1.5.7 software was used for molecular docking to explore the potential mechanism, and the influenza A virus-infected mouse model was used for drug effectiveness and mechanism verification. Results: The core active ingredients of Wenyang Jiedu Granules in the treatment of acute lung injury are Tangeretin, Magnococline, Sexangularetin, Retusin, Nomilin, etc, and the core targets are JUN and TP53., SRC, STAT3, EGFR and PIK3CA, etc. GO analysis mainly involved biological processes such as phosphorylation, cytokine-mediated signaling pathways, while KEGG analysis mainly involves signaling pathways such as phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT signaling pathway. Molecular docking showed that the key components had good binding activity with the core targets. The animal experimental results of this study showed that Wenyang Jiedu Granules can alleviate the pathological damage of mouse lung tissue caused by influenza A virus infection and reduce the expression of inflammatory factors(IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ) in lung tissue. Western blot results showed that Wenyang Jiedu Granules could inhibit the expression of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway related proteins. Conclusion: Wenyang Jiedu Granules may inhibit PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway through ingredients such as nocturine and nomiline in the treatment of influenza A virus infection-related acute lung injury.

Objective:To investigate the current status of oral health knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) among elderly individuals aged 60 years and above in a community in Nanning City, and to explore the factors influencing these, in order to provide a reference for the development of oral health management programs for the elderly. Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling to select 488 elderly individuals from two communities in Qingxiu District, Nanning City, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. A questionnaire survey was administered, and SPSS 26.0 was used to perform descriptive analysis on general information and the oral health KAP of the elderly, utilizing frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Two independent sample t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and multiple stepwise regression analysis were used to explore the factors influencing oral health KAP among the elderly. Results:The scores for oral health knowledge, attitude, and practice among the elderly were (10.00±4.39), (8.05±3.64), and (22.31±7.58), respectively. Single-factor analysis showed statistically significant differences in oral health KAP scores based on age, education level, and personal monthly income (P<0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that higher education level, younger age, and higher monthly income were associated with better oral health KAP scores. Additionally, elderly individuals with a spouse had significantly higher attitude scores compared to those without a spouse. Conclusion:The oral health knowledge, attitude, and practice of elderly individuals in this community in Nanning City are at a relatively low level and are significantly influenced by factors such as age, education level, and personal income.

Rapid advancements of 3D printing technology in the biomedical field have provided new solutions for vascular regeneration. This paper summarized applications of 3D printing in vascular regeneration, highlighting innovations in biomaterial design, vascular structure construction and cell carrier development. It details the characteristics of common vascular scaffold materials, the release systems of bioactive factors, and the establishment of simulation models. By analyzing the impacts of printing technology, biomaterials and active factors on vascular regeneration in practical applications, this paper discussed how to further utilize 3D printing technology to accurately build biocompatible vascular tissue models. Additionally, it addressed future directions including the selection of biocompatible materials, printing precision, cell survival rate, and maintenance of function. 3D printing technology has broad prospect in the field of vascular regeneration, but challenges in biocompatibility and functionality must be overcome for broad clinical application.

Objective: To screen the compounds with high inhibitory potency on influenza virus from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) extracts. Methods: Neuraminidase (NA) inhibitory activity assay was used to screen 148 TCM extracts, among which Curcuma longa L. extract displayed the best NA inhibitory activity. The bioactive compounds were isolated from the extract of Curcuma longa L. using at-line nanofractionation(ANF). The structures of these compounds were analyzed using mass spectrometry and their interactions toward NA were examined through molecular docking. Results: NA inhibitory rate of the extract from Curcuma longa L. was found to be 92%. A total of eight bioactive compounds, mainly curcumin analogues, were identified from Curcuma longa L. extract, indicating curcuminoids play a significant role for NA inhibition. Curcuminoids have a different mechanism of action compared to oseltamivir. Conclusion: ANF technology can play an important role in the screening of neuraminidase inhibitors. This finding not only provides a scientific basis for the potential clinical use of Curcuma longa L. against the influenza virus but also establishes a foundation for the development of novel influenza antivirus drugs.

Objective: To elucidate the effect of targeting acidic nucleoplasmic DNA-binding protein 1 (And-1) on the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to the PARP inhibitor niraparib and explore its potential underlying mechanism. Methods: First, And-1 expression were analyzed in ovarian cancer tissues using data from the GEO and TCGA databases, and its impact on patient survival outcomes were examined. Next, ovarian cancer cell lines with stable And-1 knockdown were generated via shRNA technology, and cell proliferation was assessed using growth curves. Cellular sensitivity to niraparib was then measured with CCK-8 assay and further validated through colony formation assays. Additionally, Western blot was performed to assess the expression of the apoptosis-related protein cleaved PARP1 following niraparib treatment, and flow cytometry was used to assess apoptosis rates. Results: And-1 expression was significantly elevated in ovarian cancer tissues compared to normal tissues, and higher And-1 levels were significantly associated with worse prognosis (HR>1,P<0.05). In cell-based experiments, And-1 depletion in ovarian cancer cell lines A2780 and OVCAR3 led to a significant reduction in cell proliferation (P<0.05). Moreover, And-1 depletion markedly lowered the IC₅₀ value of niraparib (P<0.05), and colony formation assays confirmed increased sensitivity to niraparib (P<0.05). Additionally, Western blot analysis showed a marked upregulation of cleaved PARP1 (P<0.05), while flow cytometry revealed a substantial increase in apoptosis (P<0.05). Conclusion: Targeting And-1 enhanced the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to niraparib, likely through the promotion of apoptosis.

Objective: To explore the relationship between triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and all-cause mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: The data for this study came from the ICU Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) database. The clinical outcome is hospitalized mortality. The relationship between TyG index and hospitalized mortality was analyzed using restricted cubic spline (RCS) model, and the Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the association between different TyG groups and in-hospital all-cause mortality. Results: A total of 501 patients were included in the study, including 170 in the low TyG group (TyG<8.80), 167 in the medium TyG group (8.80≤TyG<9.35), and 164 in the high TyG group (TyG≥9.35). With the middle TyG group as the reference group, in univariate analysis, the hazard ratio (HR) of the low TyG group was 1.84(95%CI: 0.68~4.98, P=0.229), the HR of the high TyG group was 3.02(95%CI: 1.19~7.65, P=0.02); in Model Ⅰ with adjusted variables, the HR of the low TyG group was 1.91(95%CI: 0.70~5.23, P=0.209), the HR of the high TyG group was 3.68 (95%CI: 1.44~9.42, P=0.007); in further adjusted Model Ⅱ, the HR of the low TyG group was 4.47(95%CI: 2.17~9.21, P<0.001), the HR of the high TyG group was 2.00(95%CI: 1.01~3.94, P=0.045). Conclusion: The research results indicate that TyG index, as a simple and easily accessible laboratory parameter, has important value in evaluating the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction. A higher TyG index is significantly correlated with an increase in in-hospital mortality.

Objective: Familial platelet disorder with a predisposition to acute myeloid leukemia (FPD/AML) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) genetic variant. This study aimed to explore the clinical phenotypic and RUNX1 genotypic characteristics of a pediatric patient with FPD/AML, who is a three-day-old male, providing evidences for the diagnosis and management of this condition. Methods: Clinical information of the patient was collected and analyzed. Peripheral blood DNA was extracted from the patient and his parents. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used to explore the genetic causes. Minigene splice variant analysis was employed to study the aberrant transcript arising from novel splice-site variant. The pathogenicity was assessed according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines. Results: The patient was admitted due to thrombocytopenia uncovered for two days. Laboratory analysis revealed significant thrombocytopenia and dysplasia of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. Genetic testing identified a heterozygous RUNX1 variant c.509-2A>G, which was not previously reported in any official literatures. On minigene analysis, this variant resulted in the formation of an aberrant transcript r.509_515del (p.Gly170Alafs*3). The patient was clearly diagnosed with FPD/AML. Symptomatic and supportive therapeutics stabilized the platelet count, which remained below the lower limit. The long-term outcome needed to be followed-up. Conclusion: This study identified a novel RUNX1 splice-site variant c.509-2A>G and confirmed its pathogenic role in FPD/AML by using Minigene splicing assay. The findings expanded the RUNX1 variant spectrum and had reference value for the diagnosis and management of FPD/AML.

Copper is an essential trace element in the human body, and an imbalance in its homeostasis can cause cellular damage, including but not limited to oxidative damage, inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, promotion of ferroptosis and cuproptosis. Recent studies have revealed the mechanisms of cuproptosis and shown that it is involved in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This review focuses on the functions and regulation of copper death-related genes (CRGs) in NAFLD and HCC. The pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunit β (PDHB), ATPase copper transporting β (ATP7B), and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) genes are crucial in the progression of NAFLD, while the lipoyltransferase 1 (LIPT1), metal regulatory transcription factor 1 (MTF1), and pyridoxal kinase (PDXK) genes are closely associated with the development of HCC. The dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD), dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (DLAT), and ferredoxin 1 (FDX1) genes are related to both conditions. Therefore, cuproptosis provides new insights into the pathogenesis of NAFLD and HCC, which may aid in the discovery of novel therapeutic targets.

Objective: To explore the potential targets and mechanism of procyanidin B2 (PB2) against prostate cancer (Pca) based on network pharmacology. Methods: The core targets of PB2 against Pca were predicted by network pharmacology, and the biological processes and key signaling pathways were enriched and analyzed. CCK-8 method was used to detect the anti-Pca activity of PB2 in vitro. The anti-Pca effect of PB2 was characterized by colony formation and scratch test. The core targets and key signaling pathways predicted by network pharmacology were verified by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Results: A total of 30 intersection targets of PB2 and Pca were screened based on network pharmacology. Among them, janus kinase 2 (JAK2), albumin (ALB), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 (PIK3R1) were the key targets of PB2 in the treatment of Pca. MAPK-JAK2/STAT3 is the key pathway. The results of in vitro experiments showed that PB2 could significantly inhibit the proliferation, colony formation and migration of human prostate cancer cells (LNCAP cells). PB2 also significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression levels of core targets ALB, MMP9, PIK3R1 and JAK2 and inhibited the activation of MAPK-JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Conclusion: PB2 may treat prostate cancer through multi-target and multi-pathway synergy; pB2 can effectively inhibit the proliferation and migration of LNCAP cells, down-regulate the mRNA expression of core targets and inhibit the activation of key signaling pathways, thereby exerting an anti-Pca effect.

Objective: To analyze the relationship among the RNA expression levels of interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and T helper 17 (Th17) cells/regulatory T cells (Tregs) balance and disease severity in children with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis. Methods: A total of 108 children with RSV bronchiolitis were selected as the RSV infection group, and divided into the mild group (n=45), the moderate group (n=40) and the severe group (n=23) according to the severity. At the same time, 105 healthy children were selected as the normal control group. The mRNA expression levels of IFITM3 and TLR4 mRNA expression level, Th17 cell count, Tregs cell count and Th17/Tregs ratio in peripheral blood were compared between the RSV infection group and the normal control group. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between above-mentioned indicators and Th17/Tregs balance. Spearman correlation was used to analyze the relationship between above-mentioned indicators and disease severity. The value of above indicators in evaluating disease severity was analyzed. Results: The mRNA expression levels of IFITM3 and TLR4, Th17 cell count and Th17/Tregs ratio in peripheral blood of the RSV infection group were significantly higher, and the level of Tregs in the RSV infection group was lower compared to the normal control group (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the mRNA expression of IFITM3 and TLR4 was positively correlated with Th17/Tregs ratio (P<0.05). The mRNA expression levels of IFITM3 and TLR4 and Th17/Tregs ratio in peripheral blood increased in order from the mild group (P<0.001), the moderate group to the severe group (P<0.001). The mRNA expression levels of IFITM3 and TLR4 were positively correlated with disease severity (r=0.505, 0.517, P<0.05). Receptor operation characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under curve (AUC) and sensitivity of combined evaluation with the three were 0.927 and 91.3%, higher than those of single prediction (P<0.05). Conclusion: The mRNA expression levels of IFITM3 and TLR4 in peripheral blood of children with RSV infection induced bronchiolitis are significantly elevated, and there exists Th17/Tregs imbalance. The mRNA expression levels of IFITM3 and TLR4 in peripheral blood can reflect Th17/Tregs balance and the severity of the disease to some extent.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to monitor and analyze the sleep rhythm characteristics and their consequential impacts on training performance, to provide scientific sleep guidance for athletes and improve training efficiency. Methods: Sleep and training data of 23 athletes from the Jiangsu Provincial Fencing Team from April to September 2023 were collected by HUAWEI band 6. We used night sleep duration, the adjusted mid-point of sleep on free days (MSFSc) and social jet lag (SJL) to assess the objective sleep characteristics of athletes. The classification of chronotypes was determined by the pivotal metric MSFSc, categorizing individuals into early type (<3:00 AM), intermediate type (3:00-5:00 AM), and late type (>5:00 AM). SJL is a measure of circadian rhythm disruption. We used the mean heart rate, maximum heart rate and training impulse (TRIMP) during training to evaluate the athlete's training. Results: 2 459 days of sleep data and 1 798 days of training data were collected. In 2 459 days of sleep monitoring, 57.2% of the days showed less than 8 hours of night sleep duration. The MSFSc of the athletes was (4:52±1:30), with approximately 60.87% categorized as intermediate types and 39.13% as late types; no early types were identified. SJL was (1.50±1.08) hours, with 65.22% of athletes experiencing more than 1 hour of SJL. SJL was strongly correlated with MSFSc(r=0.845,P<0.001). The mean heart rate, maximum heart rate and TRIMP of late types during training were lower than intermediate types; The mean heart rate and maximum heart rate of the athletes with higher SJL were also lower than those with lower SJL. Conclusion: Athletes generally experience sleep deprivation and circadian rhythm disorders, which are influenced by chronotype. Disrupted sleep rhythms can diminish athletes' capacity to endure exercise loads, highlighting the importance of optimizing sleep management strategies in athletic training programs.

Objective: To explore the intervention effects of open-kinetic chain and closed-kinetic chain exercises on patients with patellofemoral pain (PFP). Methods: A total of 46 patients with patellofemoral pain were randomly divided into the open-kinetic chain group and the closed-kinetic chain group, with 23 cases in each group. The open-kinetic chain group received open-kinetic chain action movement of the hip and knee joint muscle groups, while the closed-kinetic chain group received corresponding closed-kinetic chain action movement. Before and after the training, both groups of patients underwent visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, kujala patellofemoral scale (KPS) for knee joint function, and Tampa scale of kinesiophobia (TSK) assessments, and the hip and knee joint angles and muscle activation ratios during the step-down test were measured. Results: After 6 weeks of training, both groups showed significant improvements in VAS, TSK, and KPS scores (P<0.05). The VAS and TSK scores of the closed-kinetic chain group were lower than those of the open-kinetic chain group (P<0.05), and the KPS score was significantly higher than that of the open-kinetic chain group (P<0.05). The knee flexion angle, vastus lateralis activation degree, and the ratio of vastus medialis to vastus lateralis activation time in the open-kinetic chain group increased (P<0.05), while the ratio of vastus medialis to vastus lateralis activation degree decreased (P<0.05). In the closed-kinetic chain group, the hip flexion angle and gluteus maximus activation degree increased (P<0.05), and the knee valgus angle decreased (P<0.05).KPS scores. The open-chain group experienced significant increases in knee flexion angle, activation of the vastus lateralis, and the activation time ratio of the vastus medialis/vastus lateralis, while the activation ratio of the vastus medialis/vastus lateralis significantly decreased. The closed-chain group showed significant improvements in hip flexion angle, knee varus angle, and gluteus maximus activation. Conclusion: Both open-kinetic chain and closed-kinetic chain exercises are beneficial for alleviating pain, reducing the degree of movement fear, and improving knee joint function in PFP patients. However, from the perspectives of self-assessment scales and biomechanics, closed-kinetic chain exercises have better short-term intervention effects on PFP patients.

Objective: This study aimed to identify and optimize the active components of Lingguizhugan Decoction (LGZGD) for treating heart failure (HF) using network pharmacology and algorithmic models, and to explore their underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods: Pathogenic genes related to HF were retrieved from the DisGeNet database to construct a weighted gene interaction network. Chemical constituents of LGZGD were obtained from traditional Chinese medicine databases, and active compounds were screened based on ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) properties and literature evidence. The prediction of compound targets and the construction of the component-target network were both conducted based on the SwissTargetPrediction platform. A node importance evaluation model and cumulative contribution rate algorithm were applied to identify effector space proteins, leading to the selection of a core functional component group. To experimentally validate the findings, an isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial cell injury model was used to evaluate seven core components. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to measure mRNA expression levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), while Western blot was conducted to verify pathway-related proteins. Results: From an initial pool of 662 compounds, 303 active components were identified. Network analysis identified 233 effector space proteins and a core functional component group. These core components exerted therapeutic effects by modulating key signaling pathways, including PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and cAMP. Among them, benzyl acetate, ethyl benzoate, and hydrocinnamic acid significantly suppressed ANP and BNP mRNA levels in injured cardiomyocytes, downregulated PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways, and activated the cAMP pathway. Conclusion: The optimized network pharmacology model successfully identified core components of LGZGD for HF treatment. These findings suggest that the therapeutic effects of LGZGD were mediated through coordinated modulation of multiple signaling pathways, offering valuable insight into the mechanistic basis of traditional Chinese medicine and supporting the optimization of its formulations.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the correlation between the platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and the occurrence of vascular events in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Methods: We collected clinical data from 189 end-stage renal disease patients receiving first and maintenance hemodialysis at the Blood Purification Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University between January 1, 2016 and October 31, 2021. Patients were followed up until October 31, 2022, with the occurrence of new cardiovascular events as the study endpoint. Based on the optimal PLR cutoff value of 133.0 determined by X-tile software, patients were categorized into low PLR (<133.0) and high PLR (≥133.0) groups. Baseline characteristics and clinical data correlations were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests evaluated the probability of cardiovascular events between groups. Cox proportional hazards regression models, including inverse probability weighting, identified risk factors for cardiovascular events. Results: Compared to the low PLR group, patients in the high PLR group had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), elevated blood glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP), and platelet count (P<0.05). PLR was positively correlated with CVD, CRP, and neutrophils (P<0.05). The log-rank test indicated a significant difference in cardiovascular event probability between the high and low PLR groups (log-rank=7.396, P=0.007). Multivariate Cox regression analysis, adjusted for age, history of CVD, diastolic blood pressure, glucose, ALB, and CRP, showed that high PLR is an independent risk factor for CVD incident in MHD patients [HR (95%CI)=1.867 (1.023~3.410), P=0.042]. Univariate Cox regression analysis of the inverse probability-weighted population confirmed that patients in the high PLR group had a 1.9-fold higher risk of cardiovascular events compared to the low PLR group [HR (95%CI)=1.931 (1.033~3.606), P=0.039]. Conclusion: PLR is indicative of inflammatory status and serves as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events in MHD patients. There may be a causal relationship between elevated PLR and the increased risk of cardiovascular events in MHD patients.

Objective: To investigate the changes of oral microbiota composition in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients based on 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. Methods: A total of 25 MHD patients (MHD group) and 16 healthy controls (HC group) were included in this study. The dorsal tongue flora were collected and sequenced respectively, and the diversity and species difference of oral microbiota in the two groups were compared. Results: Patients in the MHD group exhibited significantly poorer periodontal health status and markedly lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) compared to the HC group (P<0.001). There is no significant difference in oral microbiota diversity between the two groups, while there is a notable difference in the composition of the oral microbiota. Notably, Aggregatibacter and Streptococcus were significantly enriched in the MHD group and demonstrated positive correlations with renal function indicators such as eGFR and serum creatinine (Scr), while seven genera including Prevotella and Parvimonas were substantially reduced (P<0.05). Furthermore, functional gene prediction revealed significant alterations in 16 signaling pathways in MHD patients, with lipid metabolism being particularly prominent among these dysregulated pathways. Conclusion: There were significant difference in the composition of oral microbiota between the two groups, and dysbiosis of the oral microbiota may be closely associated with the development of chronic kidney disease.

Objective: To develop and validate a ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) model for predicting treatment response in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. Methods: Multi-omics data from LUAD and adjacent normal tissues were integrated to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and FRGs. A risk model was constructed utilizing optimized strategy of Cox-LASSO regression analyses. The performance of this model was validated through independent GEO datasets and experimental verification employing quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). LUAD patients were stratified into high-risk and low-risk cohorts through risk score, with subsequent comparison of inter-group variations in biological processes, immunophenotypic profiles, therapeutic responsiveness and clinical outcomes. In silico analysis was performed to identify potential therapeutic targets for high-risk patients. Results: A five-gene risk model (SLC2A1, TIMP1, CAV1, PECAM1 and COL5A1) was established and validated. High-risk patients exhibited altered expression of these genes (SLC2A1, TIMP1 and COL5A1 upregulated; CAV1 and PECAM1 downregulated), impaired anti-tumor immunity, and reduced response to both chemotherapy and immunotherapy, leading to poorer prognosis. Analysis suggested HDAC1/2 as a potential therapeutic target to overcome treatment resistance in high-risk group. Conclusion: The FRGs-related model (SLC2A1, TIMP1, COL5A1, CAV1 and PECAM1) effectively predicts therapeutic sensitivity in LUAD patients, while unveiling the resistance to standard therapeutic regimens and the clinical translational potential of targeting HDAC1/2 in high-risk LUAD patients.

Objective: To explore the influencing factors of severe sepsis in children, and to build the early warning model of nomogram. Methods: A total of 203 children with sepsis diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively selected as the study objects. According to the severity of sepsis, the children were divided into severe sepsis group (n=55) and non-severe sepsis group (n=148), and the clinical data of the two groups were compared differently. The risk factors of severe sepsis in children were analyzed by univariate and binary Logistic regression, and a columbaric early warning model was constructed based on the analysis. The prediction efficiency of the model was analyzed, and the columbaric early warning model was internally verified by Bootstrap method (B=1 000). The area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and clinical calibration chart were used for fit testing and calibration, and the clinical utility of the clinical decision curve analysis model was plotted. Results: Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in respiratory pattern, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and lactic acid (LA) levels between two groups (all P<0.05). Further binary Logistic regression analysis showed that NLR, CRP, PCT and LA were independent risk factors for severe sepsis in children (all P<0.05). The AUC of NLR, CRP, PCT, LA level and histogram warning models were 0.786, 0.766, 0.755, 0.833 and 0.962, respectively. When cut-off was taken, the respective sensitivity was 0.855, 0.600, 0.727, 0.782 and 0.891, respectively. The specificity was 0.642, 0.811, 0.716, 0.770 and 0.939, respectively. The internal consistency index (C-index) of the Bootstrap method is 0.924, indicating that the prediction of this model is relatively stable. Decision analysis indicates that this model has a positive net yield.Conclusion:NLR, CRP, PCT and LA are independent risk factors for severe sepsis in children. The nomogram early warning model based on risk factors has high predictive value.

Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), particularly perinuclear ANCA (pANCA), in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) through a cross-sectional study. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 106 SLE patients treated at the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (January 2013-January 2023). Disease activity was assessed using the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI). ANCA seropositivity was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), with pANCA-positive (n=64) and pANCA-negative (n=42) groups defined based on ANCA test results.Statistical methods, including independent samples t-tests, chi-square tests, and Fisher's exact tests, were used to compare various indicators between SLE patients with positive and negative pANCA, supplemented by a review of relevant literature. Results: ① A total of 106 SLE patients were enrolled, including 78 females and 28 males, with a mean age of (47.43±17.53) years. Among them, 65 patients (61.3%) tested positive for ANCA, of whom 64 were pANCA-positive and 1 was cytoplasmic ANCA (cANCA)-positive. ②Compared with the pANCA-negative group, the pANCA-positive group exhibited significantly higher seropositivity rates (P<0.05) for multiple autoantibodies, including anti-nuclear antibody (ANA), anti-double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibody, anti-histone antibody (AHA), anti-nucleosome antibody (AnuA), and anti-Smith D1 (SmD1) antibody. ③The pANCA-positive group demonstrated significantly higher ANA titers (P=0.030) and a higher prevalence of lupus nephritis (LN) (P<0.001) than the pANCA-negative group. ④However, among LN patients, no statistically significant differences (P>0.05) were observed between pANCA-negative and pANCA-positive subgroups in white blood cell count, inflammatory markers, immunoglobulin levels, 24-hour urinary protein quantification (24h UTP), or SLEDAI scores. Conclusion: pANCA seropositivity in SLE patients demonstrates significant associations with autoantibody profiles and LN incidence, suggesting its potential clinical relevance for disease characterization and therapeutic decision-making.

Objective: To investigate the clinical value and innovation of karyotyping and copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq) in fetuses with increased nuchal translucency (NT) in prenatal diagnosis during first and second trimester pregnancy. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 185 fetuses who were diagnosed with increased nuchal translucency (NT≥2.5 mm) by ultrasound screening in Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital were enrolled, including 95 fetuses of first trimester prenatal diagnosis and 90 fetuses of second trimester prenatal diagnosis. Villi and amniotic fluid samples were extracted for performing karyotype analysis and CNV-seq. The correlation between the distribution of NT and chromosome abnormalities was compared by X² test and regression analysis. Results: Chromosome abnormalities were discovered in 48 fetuses (25.95%,48/185) with increased NT. The abnormality rate detected by karyotyping in first-trimester pregnancy group was significantly higher than that in second-trimester pregnancy group(31.58% vs 14.13%, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the detection rate by CNV-seq between the two groups (31.58% vs 20.00%, P>0.05). In fetuses with 2.5<NT<4 mm, CNV-seq provided an additional detection yield of 4.85% compared to karyotyping(17.48% vs 12.62%, P<0.05). There was no significantly increased anomaly rate in NT≥4 group produced by CNV-seq compared karyotyping(36.59% vs 36.59%, P>0.05). Conclusion: Increased NT play an important role in predicting fetal chromosomal abnormalities. we recommend that the NT of 2.5~4 mm should be considered as a critical risk range of chromosome abnormality, and combinations of karyotyping and CNV-seq facilitate genetic diagnosis of fetal structural anomalies in prenatal diagnosis.

Objective: To understand the research ability and training needs of clinical medical staff in a grade A tertiary maternal and child health institutions, and to improve the scientific research management process and the quality of scientific research services. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the scientific research ability and needs of clinical medical staffs in Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital of Qingdao University. The survey content included basic information, research status, self-examination of scientific research ability and research needs. Nonparametric test and ordered multiple Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the factors and demands affecting the scientific research ability of medical staff. Results: The median score of scientific research ability of 509 medical staff was 75.00 (54.50~90.00) points, 84.68% in the lower middle level. Time shortage and lack of methodological knowledge are the main obstacles to clinical research. The education level, the understanding of professional knowledge, the use of Literature databases, and the experience of publishing papers have significant effects on the self-evaluation of scientific research ability. Research topic selection training, research design training and data analysis training are the most urgent training needs for clinical medical staffs. Conclusion: The scientific research ability of medical staff is affected by many factors and needed to be improved. There is a strong demand for scientific research training. Managers should create a favorable research environment, reduce the burden of researchers, organize professional consulting teams, and carry out hierarchical training programs, to improve the overall scientific research literacy of medical staff and promote the high-quality development of hospitals.

Objective: To observe and evaluate the level and clinical significance of serum interleukin-38 (IL-38) in primary sjögren's syndrome (pSS). Methods: A total of 53 pSS patients were selected as case group, and 30 healthy persons were selected as control group. Collect their clinical data and measure the IL-38, Pyrin and caspase recruitment domain containing (PYCARD), and IL-6 level. The two-independent-samplest-test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test were used to compare the levels of IL-38 and others. The Pearson correlation coefficient was applied to evaluate the correlations of IL-38 and pSS, and Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the independent risk factors of pSS. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of IL-38. Results: ① The serum IL-38 level in pSS patients was significantly lower than healthy control (HC) group (P<0.000 1), and the level in the disease-active group was lower than disease-stable group and the HC group (P<0.000 1);PYCARD level in pSS patients was higher than HC group(P<0.000 1), and the PYCARD level in the disease-active group was higher than disease-stable group and the HC group. The IL-38 level in pSS with interstitial lung disease (ILD) was lower than that without ILD (P<0.05), while the PYCARD level was higher than without ILD group (P<0.001). The serum IL-38 concentrations in the anti-SSA antibody-positive group and anti-SSB antibody-positive group were both lower than those in the negative groups (P<0.05), while PYCARD was higher in the antibody-positive groups than in the antibody-negative groups (P<0.01). ② IL-38 was negatively correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), immunoglobulin G (IgG), rheumatoid factor (RF), European league against rheumatism sjögren's syndrome disease activity index (ESSDAI) score, and IL-6 (P<0.05). PYCARD was positively correlated with CRP, ESR, RF, ESSDAI score, and IL-6 (P<0.05). ③ There was a negative correlation between IL-38 and PYCARD (P=0.000 1). The results of univariate Logistic regression showed that serum IL-38 was a protective factor for the occurrence of pSS (P<0.001). The ROC showed that the sensitivity of serum IL-38 in predicting pSS was 86.70%, the specificity was 79.20%, and the AUC was 0.89. The sensitivity of the combination of IL-38 and PYCARD in diagnosing pSS was 81.10%, the specificity was 83.30%, and the AUC was 0.90. Conclusion: IL-38 is abnormal in pSS and is associated with clinical indicators and inflammatory factors such as IL- 6 and PYCARD, which has certain predictive value for pSS. Therefore, IL- 38 has potential clinical significance in pSS and is expected to become a new serological marker.

Objective: To compare the micro-characteristics and HPLC fingerprints of Clematidis argentilucidae Caulis and its adulterants, clarify their differences, and provide a basis for the identification and differentiation of them. Methods: A total of 13 batches of Clematidis argentilucidae Caulis and 9 batches of its adulterants, including Clematis armandii Caulis and Clematidis grandidentatae Caulis. Among them, 19 batches were wild harvested from the original habitats and processed according to relevant standards, while 3 batches were purchased from the herbal medicine market. Stem cross-sections were then prepared. Their microscopic characteristics were observed and recorded, and comparative analysis was conducted using chemometric methods. Results: For the first time, the angle of the xylem bundle was proposed as a parameter for studying the micro-characteristics of transverse section of vine-stem medicinal materials. The results showed that the depth of longitudinal ridges on the surface of stems, the number of primary rays, and the arrangement of vessel pores had relatively specific characteristics. The angle ratio between two adjacent xylem bundles of different sizes showed regularity, which could be used for variety identification and differentiation. Caffeic acid and chicoric acid were found in Clematidis argentilucidae Caulis for the first time. Using chicoric acid as the index component and reference peak, an HPLC fingerprint of Clematidis argentilucidae Caulis with 13 common peaks was established. Comparison with the fingerprints of adulterants identified 9 common peaks. Through similarity evaluation and chemometric methods, the differences in fingerprints between Clematidis argentilucidae Caulis and its adulterants were clarified, enabling accurate identification and differentiation. Conclusion: This study summarizes the micro-characteristics of Clematidis argentilucidae Caulis and highlights the differences in HPLC fingerprints between Clematidis argentilucidae Caulis and its adulterants. It provides a scientific basis for the accurate identification of Clematidis argentilucidae Caulis.

Objective: To study the protective effect of CDDO-imidazolide (CDDO-Im) on CCl₄-induced hepatic fibrosis and its mechanism. Methods: 24 C57 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, each group has 6 mice, including blank group, CCl₄ model group, CDDO-Im+CCl₄ group and CDDO-Im control group. The activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in different groups were observed and analyzed. The liver tissues were examined using HE staining, Sirius red staining, Masson staining, alpha smooth muscle movement protein(α-SMA) immunohistochemistry; hydroxyproline (HYP) content was measured along with liver malonaldehyde (MDA) levels and liver glutathione (GSH). mRNA expression levels of IL-6 and TGF-β were analyzed by reverse transcriptional quantitative PCR. The expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the associated proteins heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) in liver tissues of different groups was detected and analyzed by Western blot assay. Results: Compared with the CCl₄ model group, the serum ALT and AST levels significantly decreased in the CDDO-Im+CCl₄ group (P<0.05), while HYP content and MDA levels in liver tissue significantly decreased (P<0.05), accompanied by an increase in GSH content (P<0.05). Molecular and cellular changes revealed that treatment with CDDO-Im reduced IL-6 and TGF-β mRNA expression while increasing Nrf2 expression level along with its related proteins' expressions(P<0.05), thereby alleviating hepatocyte inflammation induced by CC1₄ exposure while reducing collagen fiber deposition.The degree of liver cell degeneration, necrosis, and fibrosis was also reduced. Conclusion: CDDO-imidazolide improves CC1₄-induced liver fibrosis, and this improvement may be attributed to activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Objective: To analyze and identify the chemical components in the water extract of Elaeagnus gonyanthes Benth.. Methods: High performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to obtain the accurate molecular weight, primary and secondary mass spectrometric fragment information of each compound corresponding to the positive and negative ion current signals and ultraviolet absorption peak signals in the high resolution mass spectrum, the determined data information was searched and compared with the online compound library using the literature database and the Compound Discovery 2.0 software provided by the instrument supplier, and some of the main chemical substances present in the water extract of Elaeagnus gonyanthes Benth. were identified. Results: 23 compounds in Elaeagnus gonyanthes Benth. were identified and reported for the first time, including 2 flavonoid glycosides and 21 nitrogen-containing compounds. Structural analyses were done on the compounds with high absorption intensities.Two of the flavonoid glycosides had high UV absorption intensity and can be used as representative compounds of the herb. Conclusion: This study conducted a composition and structural analysis of the chemical substances in the aqueous extract of Elaeagnus gonyanthes Benth., whose main components are alkaloids and flavonoid glycosides. The analysis results could provide a reference for the improvement of the quality standard of Elaeagnus gonyanthes Benth. and its products.