Objective: To investigate the role and mechanism of cytoskeleton-associated protein 2-like (CKAP2L) in the proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and migration of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Methods: Potential NSCLC-related genes were screened using the GEO and TCGA databases. qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were applied to detect CKAP2L expression in NSCLC tissues. The survival rate in NSCLC patients was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. After treatment with CKAP2L shRNAs, CKAP2L overexpression plasmids, or Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor IWR-1, CKAP2L expression was measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Cell proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 and EdU staining. Cell migration was confirmed using a Transwell assay. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to monitor the expression levels of EMT-related and Wnt/β-catenin pathway proteins. Results: CKAP2L was upregulated in NSCLC tissues (P<0.001), and high CKAP2L expression was associated with poor prognosis in NSCLC patients. Compared with those in the overexpression control (OE-CTRL) group, the proliferation (P<0.01 or P<0.001), EMT and migration (P<0.01) of NSCLC cells were significantly enhanced in the CKAP2L-overexpressing (OE-CKAP2L) group; compared with those in the knockdown control (sh-CTRL) group, the proliferation (P<0.01 or P<0.001), EMT and migration (P<0.01) of NSCLC cells were significantly weakened in the CKAP2L-knockdown (sh-CKAP2L) group. CKAP2L upregulated Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins (P<0.01). Conclusion: CKAP2L might accelerate NSCLC progression through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, suggesting that CKAP2L may be a new target for treating NSCLC patients.
Objective: To investigate renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury inducing Parthanatos in renal tubular epithelial cells and the upstream signals that initiate this death pathway's activation. Methods: A mouse model of renal I/R injury and a hypoxia/reoxygenation injury model of renal tubular epithelial cells were established and pretreated with Poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP-1) inhibitor 3-aminobenzamide (3AB) and antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to observe renal tissue pathological damage. Serum creatinine (Cre) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were detected to evaluate renal function. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays were used to detect cell viability and mortality. 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) was used to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in cells were detected using corresponding kits. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot were applied to detect DNA damage markers and the expression of Parthanatos-related proteins. Results: 3AB pretreatment alleviated I/R-caused renal tissue damage and renal dysfunction (P<0.05), and reduced hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced cell death (P<0.05). NAC pretreatment decreased the levels of intracellular ROS and MDA in hypoxia-reoxygenation cells (P<0.05), increased the activity of SOD (P<0.05), inhibited DNA damage and Parthanatos pathway activation (P<0.05), reduced cell death (P<0.05), and alleviated renal injury and renal dysfunction (P<0.05). Conclusion: I/R-caused oxidative stress can lead to DNA damage and activate PARP-1, which in turn promotes the occurrence of Parthanatos in renal tubular epithelial cells. This provides new ideas for the effective prevention and treatment of renal I/R injury.
Obesity is a global epidemic and the proportion of obese and overweight people is increasing. Obesity is a risk factor for a variety of non-infectious diseases involving multiple organs throughout the body, including the respiratory system. The effects of obesity on lung function are characterized by mechanical compression of the lungs and low-grade inflammatory effects on the bronchi. Mechanical compression is mainly manifested by decreased respiratory compliance, altered lung volumes, increased airway resistance, altered regional lung ventilation and lung ventilation/perfusion, and respiratory muscle overload. A low-grade inflammatory state can cause inflammatory changes in the bronchial wall and induce airway remodelling. Body mass index (BMI) is a simple and convenient way to categorise the degree of obesity, but does not account for patterns of regional fat distribution. Different patterns of fat distribution have different effects on lung function. Lung function tests can non-invasively and indirectly show changes in lung function in obese people, but they reflect changes in the respiratory system as a whole and cannot directly and dynamically show changes in lung function. CT and MRI imaging tests, can not only accurately calculate the fat content and distribution, but also quantitatively analyse the changes in the lung structure, and more importantly, can also observe the dynamic changes in the thorax, lungs, and respiratory muscles under free breathing, so as to detect the changes in the lung function as early as possible, and thus carry out weight loss interventions in time. This paper will discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms of obesity-induced lung changes; the progress of obesity-related chest imaging and future research hotspots.
Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) complicated by migraine. Methods: The study included 210 FMS patients who were treated at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University from January 2021 to December 2023. General and clinical data were collected. Assessment was conducted using scales such as the wide spread pain index (WPI), symptom severity scale (SSS), fibromyalgia severity (FS), pain score, anxiety score, sleep score, and somatic symptom score. Results: Among the 210 FMS patients, 108 (51.43%) had concomitant migraine. Compared with FMS patients without migraine, those with migraine had significantly higher scores in FMS duration (P=0.001), WPI score (P=0.003), SSS score (P=0.001), FS score (P=0.002), pain score (P=0.008), anxiety score (P=0.005), sleep score (P=0.004), and somatization symptom score (P=0.009). In FMS patients with migraine, FS scores were positively correlated with headache duration (P=0.013), headache frequency (P=0.019), headache duration (P=0.037), FMS duration (P=0.025), pain score (P=0.028), anxiety score (P=0.030), sleep score (P=0.035), and somatization symptom score (P=0.008). Conclusion: The presence of migraine exacerbates the clinical symptoms of FMS, and there is a correlation between FMS symptoms and headache symptoms, anxiety, and sleep disturbances when FMS is complicated by migraine.
Objective: To explore the relationship between dietary inflammation index and the risk of gynecologic malignant tumor. Methods: From January 2001 to March 2022,52 patients with gynecological malignant tumors were selected as case group, and 315 healthy persons were selected as control group. By filling in personal history questionnaire and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ25) to collect general demographic data and dietary intake, the dietary composition was calculated according to Chinese food composition table (2002 Edition), and personal DII values were ultimately calculated. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to make the baseline data of the cohort similar, and Logistic regression was used to assess the association between DII values and the risk of gynecologic malignancy. To consult the medical examination reports of the two groups, inflammatory markers including neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelets, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and C-reactive protein (CPR) were analyzed. Results: By using multiple regression equation, the scheme of unadjusted confounding variables, scheme of adjusted Ⅰ and scheme of Adjusted Ⅱ showed that the DII value and the high DII score (0.62-4.82) were closely related to the occurrence of gynecological tumors, the difference was significant (P<0.01), and the results of sensitivity analysis were consistent with those before propensity score matching. The relationship between DII value and the occurrence of gynaecological tumors was found by smoothing curve fitting; through threshold analysis, it was found that the inflection point of DII value was 1, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The levels of inflammatory markers such as NLR, PLR and CPR in the case group were higher than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). According to threshold analysis, DII was divided into two groups, the levels of inflammatory markers in DII ≥1 group were significantly higher than those in DII<1 group (P<0.01). Conclusion: DII value has a curve relationship with the occurrence of gynecological tumors, and DII value can be used as a tool to predict the risk of gynecological tumors. When the DII value is higher than 1, the occurrence and development of gynaecological tumors need to be highly vigilant. The DII value can be used to guide the dietary structure of residents and carry out relevant nutrition education, so as to prevent the occurrence and development of gynecological tumors.
Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (A-GFAP-A) is a rare autoimmune encephalitis discovered in the last decade. The diagnosis depends on clinical symptoms, imaging, and antibody testing. Most cases require several months or even longer to make a definite diagnosis. Due to early-stage diagnosis of this condition poses significant challenges, and there is a lack of relevant clinical guidelines, there are few reports at home and abroad on early diagnosis and treatment in such cases. This paper reported a case of high fever and headache as the initial symptoms, accompanied by persistent hyponatremia. With the help of 18F-fludeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance (18F-FDG PET/MR) imaging combined with antibody testing, the patient was diagnosed with anti-GFAP encephalitis approximately one month after symptom onset, and evaluated the patient's immunotherapy efficacy, leading to a favorable prognosis for the patient. This case provides a certain reference for the early clinical diagnosis and treatment of such patients.
This review summarized the research progress on the biomedical and biomechanical characteristics, influencing the speed ability of elite sprinters, aiming to provide a scientific and comprehensive reference for the assessment and selection of sprinters. The biomedical characteristics of sprinters' speed ability including the related genotyping, body morphology, and physiological functions and etc. The main researches showed: The ACTN3 gene has been confirmed to be closely associated with sprint and jump performance in sprinters; Muscle morphology and volume, as well as muscle fiber type, also have significant impacts on sprint performance; Physiological function monitoring studies have demonstrated that indicators, such as cardiopulmonary function and blood testosterone levels, can reflect athletes' physiological states in real-time and effectively assess training effectiveness. The importance of athletes' biomechanical characteristics in sprinting is also crucial. Research has confirmed that muscle length, maximum elongation of tendons and aponeuroses, and plantar flexor torque are equally key factors determining sprint performance. Furthermore, psychological factors, age, starting techniques, and the scientific training methods collectively influence athletes' performance outcomes.
Objective: To analyze the chemical components of Artemisia argyi essential oil(AAEO) extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide combined with molecular distillation and evaluate its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and tyrosinase inhibitory activities, and to discuss the application of AAEO in external preparation. Methods: AAEO was extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide combined with molecular distillation. The chemical components of AAEO were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The inhibition zone diameter of AAEO against five test bacteria was tested by filter paper diffusion method, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were tested by broth microdilution method. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cell inflammation model was used to investigate the effect of AAEO on the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The effect of AAEO on tyrosinase activity and melanin production was evaluated by human melanoma cell (A375 cell) model. Results: A total of 132 compounds were identified from AAEO, the main components of which were α-terpineol (7.08%), terpinen-4-ol (6.45%), β-caryophyllene (5.83%), eucalyptol (4.82%), endo-borneol (4.54%), 2-cyclohexen-1-ol (3.82%), d-camphor (3.09%), carveol (1.49%), and α-thujone (0.75%). AAEO showed significant antibacterial activity against the five tested bacteria, among which Candida albicans was highly sensitive. The MICs against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans were 1.88, 3.75, 7.50, 15.00, 0.94 mg/mL, and the MBCs were 1.88, 7.50, 15.00, 30.00, 1.88 mg/mL respectively. AAEO could reduce the mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS in RAW264.7 cells significantly (P<0.05). AAEO could inhibit tyrosinase activity in A375 cells significantly (P<0.05), and the production of melanin was reduced significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: AAEO extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide combined with molecular distillation are rich in chemical components and has good antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and tyrosinase inhibitory activities. Its application value is worthy of in-depth study.
Objective: To compare and analyze the anti-atopic dermatitis active components and mechanisms of action of Artemisia argyi essential oil extracted by water distillation and supercritical CO2 fluid extraction based on network pharmacology and in vitro cell experiments. Methods: The essential oils of Artemisia argyi were extracted by water distillation and supercritical CO2 fluid extraction, and their chemical components were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Network pharmacology was used to predict the related targets and pathways of the two essential oils against atopic dermatitis, and the anti-atopic dermatitis activities of the two essential oils were explored in the lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cell inflammation model. Results: There were 65 compounds in Artemisia argyi essential oil obtained by steam distillation (AEOSD), 89 compounds in Artemisia argyi essential oil obtained by supercritical fluid extraction (AEOSFE), and 44 common compounds in the two essential oils. Network pharmacology analysis results found that eucalyptol and humulene were the main potential active ingredients of AEOSD against atopic dermatitis, eugenol, eucalyptol, and Copaene were the main potential active ingredients of AEOSFE against atopic dermatitis. AEOSD may affect the progression of atopic dermatitis by regulating the biosynthesis of nitric oxide (NO), the positive regulation of interleukin-6 (IL-6) production, and the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, while AEOSFE may affect the progression of atopic dermatitis by regulating the biosynthesis of NO, T helper cell 17 (Th17) cell differentiation, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels. In vitro experimental results showed that both AEOSD and AEOSFE could reduce the excessive release of NO in RAW264.7 cells induced by LPS, and reduce the expression of their target inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, TNF and IL-1β, IL-6, PTGS2, respectively. Conclusion: AEOSD and AEOSFE differ in their chemical composition and target pathways against atopic dermatitis, but both have good anti-inflammatory activity on RAW264.7 cell.
Objective: To analyze and identify the chemical components in the water extract of Elaeagnus gonyanthes Benth.. Methods: High performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to obtain the accurate molecular weight, primary and secondary mass spectrometric fragment information of each compound corresponding to the positive and negative ion current signals and ultraviolet absorption peak signals in the high resolution mass spectrum, the determined data information was searched and compared with the online compound library using the literature database and the Compound Discovery 2.0 software provided by the instrument supplier, and some of the main chemical substances present in the water extract of Elaeagnus gonyanthes Benth. were identified. Results: 23 compounds in Elaeagnus gonyanthes Benth. were identified and reported for the first time, including 2 flavonoid glycosides and 21 nitrogen-containing compounds. Structural analyses were done on the compounds with high absorption intensities.Two of the flavonoid glycosides had high UV absorption intensity and can be used as representative compounds of the herb. Conclusion: This study conducted a composition and structural analysis of the chemical substances in the aqueous extract of Elaeagnus gonyanthes Benth., whose main components are alkaloids and flavonoid glycosides. The analysis results could provide a reference for the improvement of the quality standard of Elaeagnus gonyanthes Benth. and its products.
Objective:To investigate the current status of oral health knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) among elderly individuals aged 60 years and above in a community in Nanning City, and to explore the factors influencing these, in order to provide a reference for the development of oral health management programs for the elderly. Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling to select 488 elderly individuals from two communities in Qingxiu District, Nanning City, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. A questionnaire survey was administered, and SPSS 26.0 was used to perform descriptive analysis on general information and the oral health KAP of the elderly, utilizing frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Two independent sample t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and multiple stepwise regression analysis were used to explore the factors influencing oral health KAP among the elderly. Results:The scores for oral health knowledge, attitude, and practice among the elderly were (10.00±4.39), (8.05±3.64), and (22.31±7.58), respectively. Single-factor analysis showed statistically significant differences in oral health KAP scores based on age, education level, and personal monthly income (P<0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that higher education level, younger age, and higher monthly income were associated with better oral health KAP scores. Additionally, elderly individuals with a spouse had significantly higher attitude scores compared to those without a spouse. Conclusion:The oral health knowledge, attitude, and practice of elderly individuals in this community in Nanning City are at a relatively low level and are significantly influenced by factors such as age, education level, and personal income.
Rapid advancements of 3D printing technology in the biomedical field have provided new solutions for vascular regeneration. This paper summarized applications of 3D printing in vascular regeneration, highlighting innovations in biomaterial design, vascular structure construction and cell carrier development. It details the characteristics of common vascular scaffold materials, the release systems of bioactive factors, and the establishment of simulation models. By analyzing the impacts of printing technology, biomaterials and active factors on vascular regeneration in practical applications, this paper discussed how to further utilize 3D printing technology to accurately build biocompatible vascular tissue models. Additionally, it addressed future directions including the selection of biocompatible materials, printing precision, cell survival rate, and maintenance of function. 3D printing technology has broad prospect in the field of vascular regeneration, but challenges in biocompatibility and functionality must be overcome for broad clinical application.
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